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Sunday, 21 October 2018

屠宰

屠宰

葛特曼先生著關於活摘器官一書《Slaughter》的書名應譯爲《屠宰》而非《屠殺》。中國共產黨為了活摘器官而屠「宰」中國人,有別於中國國民黨於終戰後屠「殺」台灣人之或曝屍,或掩埋。


根據牛津字典對 slaughter 一詞的定義
1. Kill (animals) for food.
 ‘at present the abattoir is slaughtering animals for the domestic market’
   1.1 Kill (people or animals) in a cruel or violent way, typically in large numbers.
‘innocent civilians are being slaughtered’
   1.2 informal Defeat (an opponent) thoroughly.
‘the first team were slaughtered’

可見 slaughter 的主要定義是爲了取肉進食而殺生,用來形容活摘器官,譯爲《屠宰》較爲貼切。牛津字典並指出 Slaughter 一詞源自16世紀的北歐諾斯語 slátr,意爲「屠夫的肉」。

參考康熙字典:「主膳羞者曰膳宰,亦曰庖宰。【前漢·𨻰平傳】里中社,平爲宰。平曰:使平得宰天下,亦如此肉。【顏師古註】主切割肉也。」

Slaughter 雖然也可以譯爲《屠殺》,但這是衍生用法,意爲如殺豬宰羊、屠宰畜生般地殺人。且英文的屠殺尚有 massacre 一字。葛特曼取 slaughter 而舍 massacre,顯然是在強調殺生(人)取肉(器官),而非不在意大體、器官下場的殺人「棄」屍:重點不在「殺人之衆」,而在活摘器官。因此,譯為屠宰比屠殺更為貼切。

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